Full explanation
FTL (Full Truckload) freight refers to shipments that fill an entire trailer, typically 42,000-45,000 pounds for a standard dry van or approximately 2,500 cubic feet of space. Unlike LTL where multiple shippers share a trailer, FTL dedicates the entire vehicle to one shipper's cargo with direct routing from origin to destination. This eliminates the handling, sorting, and transfers inherent in LTL networks, resulting in faster transit times, lower damage risk, and simpler tracking. FTL is generally more cost-effective than LTL for shipments exceeding 10,000-15,000 pounds or 10+ pallets. The US truckload market represents approximately $400 billion in annual revenue, making it the largest segment of the freight industry. FTL operations are divided between asset-based carriers (owning their own trucks) and non-asset brokers who match shippers with available carriers. Truck Graph tracks over 757,000 for-hire carriers, the majority of which operate in the FTL space.
Source: FMCSA: Motor Carrier Safety
Frequently asked questions
When should I use FTL instead of LTL?
FTL becomes more cost-effective than LTL when your shipment exceeds 10,000-15,000 lbs or 10+ pallets. FTL also makes sense for time-sensitive freight, fragile goods that shouldn't be handled multiple times, or high-value cargo.
How much does FTL shipping cost?
FTL rates average $1.50-$3.00 per mile for dry van depending on market conditions, lane, and season. A typical 1,000-mile dry van load costs $1,500-$3,000. Specialized equipment (reefer, flatbed) commands premium rates.
What are standard FTL trailer dimensions?
A standard dry van is 53 feet long, 8.5 feet wide, and 9 feet tall inside, providing approximately 3,000 cubic feet. Maximum legal weight is 80,000 lbs gross (including truck and trailer), leaving roughly 44,000-45,000 lbs for cargo.